Vitamin B6 - Pyridoxine

Proprietary Source

Chemical Name

C8H11NO3

Immune support

Vitamin B6 is thought to be beneficial in the immune response. Vitamin B6 is required for antibody production. Also, in critically ill patients, vitamin B6 increases the number of T lymphocyte, T helper, and T suppressor cells.

Other uses

Seizures. Administering vitamin B6 intravenously (by IV) controls seizures in infants that are caused by vitamin B6 dependence.

A condition in which the body makes abnormal red blood cells that build up iron (sideroblastic anemia). Taking vitamin B6 by mouth is effective for treating an inherited type of anemia called sideroblastic anemia.

Vitamin B6 deficiency. Taking vitamin B6 by mouth is effective for preventing and treating vitamin B6 deficiency.

High levels of homocysteine in the blood (hyperhomocysteinemia). Taking vitamin B6 by mouth, usually with folic acid, is effective for treating high homocysteine levels in the blood.

An eye disease that leads to vision loss in older adults (age-related macular degeneration). Some research shows that taking vitamin B6 with other vitamins including folic acid and vitamin B12 might help prevent the loss of vision caused by an eye disease called macular degeneration.

Hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis). As people age, their arteries tend to lose their ability to stretch and flex. Garlic and other ingredients seem to reduce this effect. Taking a specific supplement containing garlic, amino acids (part of proteins), and vitamins such as folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 (Kyolic, Total Heart Health, Formula 108, Wakunga) seem to reduce symptoms of hardening of the arteries.

Kidney stones. People with a hereditary disorder called type I primary hyperoxaluria have an increased risk of forming kidney stones. There is some evidence that taking vitamin B6 by mouth, alone or along with magnesium, or getting vitamin B6 injected into the vein, can decrease the risk of kidney stones in people with this condition. However, it does not appear to help people with other kinds of kidney stones.

Morning sickness. Some research suggests that taking vitamin B6, usually as pyridoxine, improves symptoms of mild to moderate nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology considers vitamin B6 a first-line treatment for nausea and vomiting caused by pregnancy. Vitamin B6 plus the medication doxylamine is recommended for women who do not get better when treated with just vitamin B6. However, taking this combination is less effective than the medication ondansetron.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS). There is some evidence that taking vitamin B6 as pyridoxine by mouth can improve PMS symptoms including breast pain. The lowest effective dose should be used. Higher doses will increase the chance of side effects and are not likely to increase the beneficial effects.

A movement disorder often caused by antipsychotic drugs (tardive dyskinesia). Taking vitamin B6 seems to improve movement disorders in people taking certain drugs for schizophrenia.

How it works

Vitamin B6 is required for the proper function of sugars, fats, and proteins in the body. It is also required for the proper growth and development of the brain, nerves, skin, and many other parts of the body.

Safety

When taken by mouth: Vitamin B6 is LIKELY SAFE for most people when used appropriately. Taking vitamin B6 in doses that do not exceed 100 mg per day is generally considered to be safe. Vitamin B6 is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken in doses less than 500 mg per day. In some people, vitamin B6 might cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, loss of appetite, headache, tingling, sleepiness, and other side effects. Vitamin B6 is POSSIBLY UNSAFE when taken by mouth in doses of 500 mg or more daily, long-term. High doses of vitamin B6, especially 1000 mg or more per day, might cause brain and nerve problems.

When given by IV: Vitamin B6 is LIKELY SAFE when given by IV under medical supervision for uses approved by the FDA.

When given as a shot: Vitamin B6 is LIKELY SAFE when given as a shot into the muscle under medical supervision in amounts approved by the FDA. Using large doses of vitamin B6 as a shot into the muscle is POSSIBLY UNSAFE. It might cause muscle problems.

Special Precautions & Warnings:

Pregnancy: Vitamin B6 is LIKELY SAFE for pregnant women when taken under the supervision of their healthcare provider. It is sometimes used in pregnancy to control morning sickness. But high doses are POSSIBLY UNSAFE. High doses can cause newborns to have seizures.

Breast-feeding: Vitamin B6 is LIKELY SAFE for breast-feeding women when used in amounts not larger than 2 mg per day (the recommended dietary allowance). Avoid using higher amounts. Not enough is known about the safety of vitamin B6 at higher doses in breast-feeding women.

Procedures to widen narrowed arteries (angioplasty). Using vitamin B6 along with folic acid and vitamin B12 intravenously (by IV) or by mouth might worsen narrowed arteries. Vitamin B6 should not be used by people recovering from this procedure.

Weight loss surgery. Taking a vitamin B6 supplement is not needed for people that have had weight loss surgery. And taking too much vitamin B6 might increase the chance of side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and browning skin.

Diabetes. Using a combination of vitamin B6, folic acid, and vitamin B12 might increase the risk of cancer in people with diabetes and a recent stroke. Vitamin B6 should not be used by patients with diabetes that have had a recent stroke.

Interactions with medications

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Amiodarone (Cordarone) might increase your sensitivity to sunlight. Taking vitamin B6 along with amiodarone (Cordarone) might increase the chances of sunburn, blistering, or rashes on areas of skin exposed to sunlight. Be sure to wear sunblock and protective clothing when spending time in the sun.

Levodopa

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

The body breaks down levodopa to get rid of it. Vitamin B6 can increase how quickly the body breaks down and gets rid of levodopa. However, this is only a problem if you are taking levodopa alone. Most people take levodopa along with carbidopa (Sinemet). Carbidopa prevents this interaction from occurring. If you are taking levodopa without carbidopa, do not take vitamin B6.

Medications for high blood pressure (antihypertensive drugs)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Vitamin B6 might lower blood pressure. It has the potential to add to blood pressure-lowering effects of antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of blood pressure becoming too low.

Some medications used to lower blood pressure include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.

Phenobarbital (Luminal)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

The body breaks down phenobarbital (Luminal) to get rid of it. Vitamin B6 might increase how quickly the body breaks down phenobarbital (Luminal). This could decrease the effectiveness of phenobarbital (Luminal).

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Interaction Rating = Major Do not take this combination.

The body breaks down phenytoin (Dilantin) to get rid of it. Vitamin B6 might increase how quickly the body breaks down phenytoin. Taking vitamin B6 along with phenytoin (Dilantin) might decrease the effectiveness of phenytoin (Dilantin) and increase the possibility of seizures. Do not take large doses of vitamin B6 if you are taking phenytoin (Dilantin).

Interactions with Herbs, Supplements, and Foods

Herbs and supplements that might lower blood pressure

Vitamin B6 might lower blood pressure. Using vitamin B6 along with other herbs and supplements that can lower blood pressure might cause blood pressure to become too low. Some of these herbs include andrographis, casein peptides, cat's claw, coenzyme Q-10, fish oil, L-arginine, lycium, stinging nettle, theanine, and others.

There are no known interactions with foods.

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