Curcumin (MERIVA Turmeric Complex)

Proprietary Source

Meriva® Curcumin Phytosome® is a product that, thanks to its characteristics, can represent a reference model for a new type of relationship between the active biological components of turmeric, namely curcuminoids, and the maintenance of our lives.

The Indena Phytosome®, which is the basis of Meriva®, is the only delivery system of botanical derivatives in the world that can claim a 100% foodgrade composition. The application of the biomimetic principle “nature as measure” places this formulation out of the fierce and conceptually reductive competition on the increase of bioavailability levels. Meriva® is much more: it optimizes bioabsorption levels according to the 3 basic parameters of effectiveness, tolerability over time, and safety.

Chronic inflammation is one of the great challenges of our time and the clinically validated human dose resulting from over 30 clinical studies is 1g, corresponding to 200mg of curcuminoids. Such studies have not only demonstrated the effectiveness of Meriva®, but also provided valuable insights into the extremely high tolerability profile of the ingredient in the long term.

Immune support

Curcumin has been studied extensively for its immune enhancing, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activity. Evidence indicates curcumin plays an inhibitory role against infection from numerous viruses.

Other uses

Curcumin is also used for conditions involving pain and inflammation, such as arthritiss and osteoarthritis. It is also used for hay fever, depression, high cholesterol, certain liver diseases, heartburn, thinking and memory skills, inflammatory bowel disease, stress, and many other conditions.

How it works

Many bacteria and other organisms live in our bodies normally. These "friendly" bacteria and yeasts can help break down food, absorb nutrients, and fight off "unfriendly" organisms that might cause diseases such as diarrhea. Probiotics are non-pathogenic, living microbes that are thought to provide a therapeutic benefit to the host. They compete with pathogenic bacteria for physical space and nutrients in the host tissue. The probiotic is thought to be able to block pathogenic bacteria from finding a spot on the host tissue to bind and grow. When taken orally, lactobacilli pass through the gut and attach to the intestinal mucosa where they can persist for at least a week. Once the lactobacilli latch on to and colonize the intestinal or urogenital tract, epithelial attachment by pathogenic bacteria is reduced. Lactobacilli are thought to do this in part by increasing epithelial mucus production and competing with pathogens for mucosal binding sites.

Safety

Interactions with medications

Amlodipine (Norvasc)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might increase how much amlodipine the body absorbs. Taking turmeric while taking amlodipine might increase the effects and side effects of amlodipine.

Docetaxel (Taxotere)

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might increase how much docetaxel (Docefrex, Taxotere) the body absorbs. Taking turmeric while taking docetaxel might increase the effects and side effects of docetaxel.

Estrogens

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Large amounts of turmeric might have some of the same effects as estrogen. However, large amounts of turmeric are not as strong as estrogen pills. Taking turmeric along with estrogen pills might decrease the effects of estrogen pills.

Some estrogen pills include conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin), ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, and others.

Glyburide (Diabeta, others)

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric contains curcumin. Curcumin might lower blood sugar. Glyburide is also used to lower blood sugar. Taking curcumin or turmeric along with glyburide might cause your blood sugar to go too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely. Your dose of glyburide might need to be changed.

Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) substrates)

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. Turmeric might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking turmeric along with some medications that are broken down by the liver can increase the effects and side effects of some medications. Before taking turmeric talk to your healthcare provider if you take any medications that are changed by the liver.

Some medications that are changed by the liver include chlorzoxazone (Lorzone), theophylline, and bufuralol.

Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) substrates)

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Some medications that are changed by the liver include clozapine (Clozaril), cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), fluvoxamine (Luvox), haloperidol (Haldol), imipramine (Tofranil), mexiletine (Mexitil), olanzapine (Zyprexa), pentazocine (Talwin), propranolol (Inderal), tacrine (Cognex), zileuton (Zyflo), zolmitriptan (Zomig), and others.

Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Some medications that are changed by the liver include some calcium channel blockers (diltiazem, nicardipine, verapamil), chemotherapeutic agents (etoposide, paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vindesine), antifungals (ketoconazole, itraconazole), glucocorticoids, alfentanil (Alfenta), cisapride (Propulsid), fentanyl (Sublimaze), lidocaine (Xylocaine), losartan (Cozaar), fexofenadine (Allegra), midazolam (Versed), and others.

Medications for cancer (Alkylating agents)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric is an antioxidant. There is some concern that antioxidants might decrease the effectiveness of some medications used for cancers. But it is too soon to know if this interaction occurs.

Medications for cancer (Antitumor antibiotics)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric is an antioxidant. There is some concern that antioxidants might decrease the effectiveness of some medications used for cancers. But it is too soon to know if this interaction occurs.

Some of these medications include doxorubicin (Adriamycin), daunorubicin (DaunoXome), epirubicin (Ellence), mitomycin (Mutamycin), bleomycin (Blenoxane), and others.

Medications for cancer (Topoisomerase I inhibitors)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric is an antioxidant. There is some concern that antioxidants might decrease the effectiveness of some medications used for cancers. But it is too soon to know if this interaction occurs. Some medications used for cancer include topotecan (Hycamtin) and irinotecan (Camptosar).

Medications for diabetes (Antidiabetes drugs)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric contains curcumin. Curcumin might lower blood sugar. Diabetes medications are also used to lower blood sugar. Taking curcumin or turmeric along with diabetes medications might cause your blood sugar to go too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely. The dose of your diabetes medication might need to be changed.

Some medications used for diabetes include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase), and others.

Medications moved by pumps in cells (P-Glycoprotein Substrates)

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Some medications are moved by pumps in cells. Turmeric might make these pumps less active and increase how much of some medications get absorbed by the body. This might increase the amount of some medications in the body, which could lead to more side effects. But there is not enough information to know if this is a big concern.

Some medications that are moved by these pumps include some chemotherapeutic agents (etoposide, paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vindesine), antifungals (ketoconazole, itraconazole), protease inhibitors (amprenavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir), H2 antagonists (cimetidine, ranitidine), some calcium channel blockers (diltiazem, verapamil), digoxin, corticosteroids, erythromycin, cisapride (Propulsid), fexofenadine (Allegra), cyclosporine, loperamide (Imodium), quinidine, and others.

Medications that can harm the liver (Hepatotoxic drugs)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might harm the liver when taken in large amounts. Taking turmeric along with medications that might also harm the liver can increase the risk of liver damage. Do not take turmeric if you are taking a medication that can harm the liver.

Some medications that can harm the liver include acetaminophen (Tylenol and others), amiodarone (Cordarone), carbamazepine (Tegretol), isoniazid (INH), methotrexate (Rheumatrex), methyldopa (Aldomet), fluconazole (Diflucan), itraconazole (Sporanox), erythromycin (Erythrocin, Ilosone, others), phenytoin (Dilantin), lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), simvastatin (Zocor), and many others.

Medications that slow blood clotting (Anticoagulant / Antiplatelet drugs)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might slow blood clotting. Taking turmeric along with medications that also slow clotting might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding.

Some medications that slow blood clotting include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others), naproxen (Anaprox, Naprosyn, others), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, warfarin (Coumadin), and others.

Norfloxacin (Noroxin)

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might increase how much norfloxacin (Noroxin) the body absorbs. Taking turmeric while taking norfloxacin might increase the effects and side effects of norfloxacin.

Paclitaxel (Abraxane, Onxol)

Interaction Rating = Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might increase how much paclitaxel (Abraxane, Onxol) the body absorbs. Taking turmeric while taking paclitaxel might increase the effects and side effects of paclitaxel. However, there is not enough information to know if this is a big concern.

Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might increase how much sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) the body absorbs. Taking turmeric while taking sulfasalazine might increase the effects and side effects of sulfasalazine.

Tacrolimus (Prograf)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might increase the amount of tacrolimus in the body. This can increase the side effects of tacrolimus and even damage the kidneys.

Talinolol

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Turmeric might decrease how much talinolol the body absorbs. Taking turmeric while taking talinolol might decrease the effects and side effects of talinolol.

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Talk to your health provider.

Warfarin (Coumadin) is used to slow blood clotting. Taking turmeric while taking warfarin might increase the effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding and bruising.

Interactions with Herbs, Supplements, and Foods

Herbs and supplements that might damage the liver

There is some concern that turmeric can damage the liver. Using it along with other natural products that may also harm the liver may increase the chance of liver damage. Some of these products include androstenedione, chaparral, comfrey, DHEA, germander, niacin, pennyroyal oil, red yeast, and others.

Herbs and supplements that might lower blood sugar

Turmeric might lower blood sugar. Using it along with other herbs and supplements that have the same effect might cause blood sugar to drop too low in some people. Some of these products include devil's claw, fenugreek, garlic, guar gum, horse chestnut, Panax ginseng, psyllium, Siberian ginseng, and others.

Herbs and supplements that might slow blood clotting

Turmeric might slow blood clotting. Taking turmeric along with herbs that also slow clotting might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding. These herbs include angelica, clove, danshen, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, Panax ginseng, red clover, willow, and others.

Iron

Turmeric and curcumin, a chemical found in turmeric, might prevent the body from absorbing iron. This does not appear to occur when turmeric is consumed in levels commonly found in food. However, in theory, taking high doses of turmeric or curcumin might decrease the body's absorption of iron.

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Li, Y. C., Wang, F. M., Pan, Y., Qiang, L. Q., Cheng, G., Zhang, W. Y., and Kong, L. D. Antidepressant-like effects of curcumin on serotonergic receptor-coupled AC-cAMP pathway in chronic unpredictable mild stress of rats. Prog.Neuropsychopharmacol.Biol.Psychiatry 4-30-2009;33(3):435-449.

Ji, H. F. and Shen, L. Interactions of curcumin with the PfATP6 model and the implications for its antimalarial mechanism. Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett. 5-1-2009;19(9):2453-2455.

Bas, M., Tugcu, V., Kemahli, E., Ozbek, E., Uhri, M., Altug, T., and Tasci, A. I. Curcumin prevents shock-wave lithotripsy-induced renal injury through inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in rats. Urol.Res 2009;37(3):159-164.

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Mishra, R. K. and Singh, S. K. Reversible antifertility effect of aqueous rhizome extract of Curcuma longa L. in male laboratory mice. Contraception 2009;79(6):479-487.

Yu, Y. M. and Lin, H. C. Curcumin prevents human aortic smooth muscle cells migration by inhibiting of MMP-9 expression. Nutr.Metab Cardiovasc.Dis. 2010;20(2):125-132.

Fang, X. D., Yang, F., Zhu, L., Shen, Y. L., Wang, L. L., and Chen, Y. Y. Curcumin ameliorates high glucose-induced acute vascular endothelial dysfunction in rat thoracic aorta. Clin Exp.Pharmacol Physiol 2009;36(12):1177-1182.

Kim, H. J. and Jang, Y. P. Direct analysis of curcumin in turmeric by DART-MS. Phytochem.Anal. 2009;20(5):372-377.

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Li, W., Wang, S., Feng, J., Xiao, Y., Xue, X., Zhang, H., Wang, Y., and Liang, X. Structure elucidation and NMR assignments for curcuminoids from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. Magn Reson.Chem. 2009;47(10):902-908.

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Kurien, B. T. Inhibition of p300 and nuclear factor-kappaB by curcumin and its role in diabetic nephropathy. Nutrition 2009;25(9):973-974.

Patel, S. S., Shah, R. S., and Goyal, R. K. Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of Dihar, a polyherbal ayurvedic formulation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Indian J Exp.Biol. 2009;47(7):564-570.

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Wang, Y., Lu, Z., Wu, H., and Lv, F. Study on the antibiotic activity of microcapsule curcumin against foodborne pathogens. Int.J Food Microbiol. 11-30-2009;136(1):71-74.

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Peeyush, K. T., Gireesh, G., Jobin, M., and Paulose, C. S. Neuroprotective role of curcumin in the cerebellum of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Life Sci. 11-4-2009;85(19-20):704-710.

Yun, S. S., Kim, S. P., Kang, M. Y., and Nam, S. H. Inhibitory effect of curcumin on liver injury in a murine model of endotoxemic shock. Biotechnol.Lett. 2010;32(2):209-214.

Leite, K. R., Chade, D. C., Sanudo, A., Sakiyama, B. Y., Batocchio, G., and Srougi, M. Effects of curcumin in an orthotopic murine bladder tumor model. Int.Braz.J Urol. 2009;35(5):599-606.

Vizzutti, F., Provenzano, A., Galastri, S., Milani, S., Delogu, W., Novo, E., Caligiuri, A., Zamara, E., Arena, U., Laffi, G., Parola, M., Pinzani, M., and Marra, F. Curcumin limits the fibrogenic evolution of experimental steatohepatitis. Lab Invest 2010;90(1):104-115.

Kheradpezhouh, E., Panjehshahin, M. R., Miri, R., Javidnia, K., Noorafshan, A., Monabati, A., and Dehpour, A. R. Curcumin protects rats against acetaminophen-induced hepatorenal damages and shows synergistic activity with N-acetyl cysteine. Eur.J Pharmacol 2-25-2010;628(1-3):274-281.

Pavithra, B. H., Prakash, N., and Jayakumar, K. Modification of pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin following oral administration of curcumin in rabbits. J Vet.Sci. 2009;10(4):293-297.

Yao, J., Zhang, Q., Min, J., He, J., and Yu, Z. Novel enoyl-ACP reductase (FabI) potential inhibitors of Escherichia coli from Chinese medicine monomers. Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett. 1-1-2010;20(1):56-59.

Nayak, S. and Sashidhar, R. B. Metabolic intervention of aflatoxin B1 toxicity by curcumin. J Ethnopharmacol. 2-17-2010;127(3):641-644.

Kim, K., Kim, K. H., Kim, H. Y., Cho, H. K., Sakamoto, N., and Cheong, J. Curcumin inhibits hepatitis C virus replication via suppressing the Akt-SREBP-1 pathway. FEBS Lett. 2-19-2010;584(4):707-712.

Tanwar, V., Sachdeva, J., Kishore, K., Mittal, R., Nag, T. C., Ray, R., Kumari, S., and Arya, D. S. Dose-dependent actions of curcumin in experimentally induced myocardial necrosis: a biochemical, histopathological, and electron microscopic evidence. Cell Biochem.Funct. 2010;28(1):74-82.

Yeon, K. Y., Kim, S. A., Kim, Y. H., Lee, M. K., Ahn, D. K., Kim, H. J., Kim, J. S., Jung, S. J., and Oh, S. B. Curcumin produces an antihyperalgesic effect via antagonism of TRPV1. J Dent.Res 2010;89(2):170-174.

Bansal, S. and Chhibber, S. Curcumin alone and in combination with augmentin protects against pulmonary inflammation and acute lung injury generated during Klebsiella pneumoniae B5055-induced lung infection in BALB/c mice. J Med.Microbiol. 2010;59(Pt 4):429-437.

Smith, M. R., Gangireddy, S. R., Narala, V. R., Hogaboam, C. M., Standiford, T. J., Christensen, P. J., Kondapi, A. K., and Reddy, R. C. Curcumin inhibits fibrosis-related effects in IPF fibroblasts and in mice following bleomycin-induced lung injury. Am.J Physiol Lung Cell Mol.Physiol 1-8-2010;

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Gota, V. S., Maru, G. B., Soni, T. G., Gandhi, T. R., Kochar, N., and Agarwal, M. G. Safety and pharmacokinetics of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation in osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers. J Agric.Food Chem 2-24-2010;58(4):2095-2099.

El Agamy, D. S. Comparative effects of curcumin and resveratrol on aflatoxin B(1)-induced liver injury in rats. Arch.Toxicol 2010;84(5):389-396.

Tanwar, V., Sachdeva, J., Golechha, M., Kumari, S., and Arya, D. S. Curcumin protects rat myocardium against isoproterenol-induced ischemic injury: attenuation of ventricular dysfunction through increased expression of Hsp27 along with strengthening antioxidant defense system. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol 2010;55(4):377-384.

Baghdasaryan, A., Claudel, T., Kosters, A., Gumhold, J., Silbert, D., Thuringer, A., Leski, K., Fickert, P., Karpen, S. J., and Trauner, M. Curcumin improves sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2-/- mice by inhibition of cholangiocyte inflammatory response and portal myofibroblast proliferation. Gut 2010;59(4):521-530.

Hu, G. X., Liang, G., Chu, Y., Li, X., Lian, Q. Q., Lin, H., He, Y., Huang, Y., Hardy, D. O., and Ge, R. S. Curcumin derivatives inhibit testicular 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3. Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett. 4-15-2010;20(8):2549-2551.

Abdel Fattah, E. A., Hashem, H. E., Ahmed, F. A., Ghallab, M. A., Varga, I., and Polak, S. Prophylactic role of curcumin against cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity: Histological and immunohistological study. Gen.Physiol Biophys. 2010;29(1):85-94.

Lee, J. C., Kinniry, P. A., Arguiri, E., Serota, M., Kanterakis, S., Chatterjee, S., Solomides, C. C., Javvadi, P., Koumenis, C., Cengel, K. A., and Christofidou-Solomidou, M. Dietary curcumin increases antioxidant defenses in lung, ameliorates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and improves survival in mice. Radiat.Res 2010;173(5):590-601.

Chen, K. H., Chao, D., Liu, C. F., Chen, C. F., and Wang, D. Curcumin attenuates airway hyperreactivity induced by ischemia-reperfusion of the pancreas in rats. Transplant.Proc. 2010;42(3):744-747.

Koosirirat, C., Linpisarn, S., Changsom, D., Chawansuntati, K., and Wipasa, J. Investigation of the anti-inflammatory effect of Curcuma longa in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients. Int Immunopharmacol. 2010;10(7):815-818.

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